Tafsir Ibn Kathir- Surah 1. Al-Fathiha, Ayah 4, Part 02

Tafsir Ibn Kathir- Surah 1. Al-Fathiha, Ayah 4 (Part 2)
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ﻣَﺎﻟِﻚِ ﻳَﻮْﻡِ ﺍﻟﺪِّﻳﻦِ ٤

4. The Owner of the Day of Recompense. Allah is Al-Malik (King or Owner) Allah is the True Owner (Malik) (of everything and
everyone). Allah said,

﴿ﻫُﻮَ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪُ ﺍﻟَّﺬِﻯ ﻻَ ﺇِﻟَـﻪَ ﺇِﻻَّ ﻫُﻮَ ﺍﻟْﻤَﻠِﻚُ ﺍﻟْﻘُﺪُّﻭﺱُ ﺍﻟﺴَّﻠَـﻢُ ﴾
(He is Allah, beside Whom La ilaha illa Huwa, the
King, the Holy, the One free from all defects) (59:23).
Also, the Two Sahihs recorded Abu Hurayrah saying
that the Prophet said,

«ﺃَﺧْﻨَﻊُ ﺍﺳْﻢٍ ﻋِﻨْﺪَ ﺍﻟﻠﻪِ ﺭَﺟُﻞٌ ﺗَﺴَﻤَّﻰ ﺑِﻤَﻠِﻚِ ﺍﻟْﺄَﻣْﻠَﺎﻙِ ﻭَﻟَﺎ ﻣَﺎﻟِﻚَ ﺇِﻟَّﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻪُ »
(The most despicable name to Allah is a person who
calls himself the king of kings, while there are no
owners except Allah.)
Also the Two Sahihs recorded that the Messenger of
Allah said,
« ﻳَﻘْﺒِﺾُ ﺍﻟﻠﻪُ ﺍﻟْﺄَﺭْﺽَ ﻭَﻳَﻄْﻮِﻱ ﺍﻟﺴَّﻤَﺎﺀَ ﺑِﻴَﻤِﻴﻨِﻪِ ﺛُﻢَّ ﻳَﻘُﻮﻝُ : ﺃَﻧَﺎ ﺍﻟْﻤَﻠِﻚُ، ﺃَﻳْﻦَ ﻣُﻠُﻮﻙُ ﺍﻟْﺄَﺭْﺽِ؟ ﺃَﻳْﻦَ ﺍﻟْﺠَﺒَّﺎﺭُﻭﻥَ؟ ﺃَﻳْﻦَ ﺍﻟْﻤُﺘَﻜَﺒِّﺮُﻭﻥَ؟ »
((On the Day of Judgement) Allah will grasp the earth
and fold up the heavens with His Right Hand and
proclaim, 'I Am the King! Where are the kings of the
earth Where are the tyrants Where are the arrogant')
Also, in the the Glorious Qur'an;
﴿ﻟِّﻤَﻦِ ﺍﻟْﻤُﻠْﻚُ ﺍﻟْﻴَﻮْﻡَ ﻟِﻠَّﻪِ ﺍﻟْﻮَﺣِﺪِ ﺍﻟْﻘَﻬَّﺎﺭِ﴾
(Whose is the kingdom this Day Allah's, the One, the
Irresistible.)(40:16).

The Meaning of Ad-Din Ad-Din means the reckoning, the reward or
punishment. Similarly, Allah said,

﴿ﻳَﻮْﻣَﺌِﺬٍ ﻳُﻮَﻓِّﻴﻬِﻢُ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻪُ ﺩِﻳﻨَﻬُﻢُ ﺍﻟْﺤَﻖَّ﴾
(On that Day Allah will pay them the (Dinahum)
recompense (of their deeds) in full) (24:25), and,

﴿ﺃَﺀِﻧَّﺎ ﻟَﻤَﺪِﻳﻨُﻮﻥَ﴾
(Shall we indeed (be raised up) to receive reward or
punishment (according to our deeds)) (37:53). A
Hadith stated,

«ﺍﻟْﻜَﻴِّﺲُ ﻣَﻦْ ﺩَﺍﻥَ ﻧَﻔْﺴَﻪُ ﻭَﻋَﻤِﻞَ ﻟِﻤَﺎ ﺑَﻌْﺪَ ﺍﻟْﻤَﻮﺕِ»
(The wise person is he who reckons himself and
works for (his life) after death.) meaning, he holds
himself accountable. Also, `Umar said, "Hold yourself
accountable before you are held accountable, weigh
yourselves before you are weighed, and be prepared
for the biggest gathering before He Whose knowledge encompasses your deeds,

﴿ﻳَﻮْﻣَﺌِﺬٍ ﺗُﻌْﺮَﺿُﻮﻥَ ﻻَ ﺗَﺨْﻔَﻰ ﻣِﻨﻜُﻢْ ﺧَﺎﻓِﻴَﺔٌ ﴾
(That Day shall you be brought to Judgement, not a
secret of yours will be hidden) (69:18).''