Tafsir Ibn Kathir- Surah 1. Al-Fathiha, Ayah 3

Tafsir Ibn Kathir- Surah 1. Al-Fathiha, Ayah 3 ﺍﻟﺮَّﺣْﻤَٰﻦِ ﺍﻟﺮَّﺣِﻴﻢِ ٣ 3. Ar-Rahman (the Most Gracious), Ar-Rahim (the
Most Merciful)).
Allah said next,
﴿ﺍﻟﺮَّﺣْﻤَـﻦِ ﺍﻟﺮَّﺣِﻴﻢِ﴾ (Ar-Rahman (the Most Gracious), Ar-Rahim (the Most
Merciful)) We explained these Names in the
Basmalah. Al-Qurtubi said, "Allah has described
Himself by `Ar-Rahman, Ar-Rahim' after saying `the
Lord of the Alamin', so His statement here includes a
warning, and then an encouragement. Similarly, Allah said,
﴿ ﻧَﺒِّﻰﺀْ ﻋِﺒَﺎﺩِﻯ ﺃَﻧِّﻰ ﺃَﻧَﺎ ﺍﻟْﻐَﻔُﻮﺭُ ﺍﻟﺮَّﺣِﻴﻢُ - ﻭَﺃَﻥَّ ﻋَﺬَﺍﺑِﻰ ﻫُﻮَ ﺍﻟْﻌَﺬَﺍﺏُ ﺍﻻٌّﻟِﻴﻢُ ﴾ (Declare (O Muhammad ) unto My servants, that truly,
I am the Oft-Forgiving, the Most Merciful. And that
My torment is indeed the most painful torment.)
(15:49-50) Allah said,
﴿ﺇِﻥَّ ﺭَﺑَّﻚَ ﺳَﺮِﻳﻊُ ﺍﻟْﻌِﻘَﺎﺏِ ﻭَﺇِﻧَّﻪُ ﻟَﻐَﻔُﻮﺭٌ ﺭَّﺣِﻴﻢٌ ﴾ (Surely, your Lord is swift in retribution, and certainly
He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.) (6:165)
Hence, Rabb contains a warning while Ar-Rahman Ar-
Rahim encourages. Further, Muslim recorded in his
Sahih that the Messenger of Allah said,
«ﻟَﻮْ ﻳَﻌْﻠَﻢُ ﺍﻟْﻤُﺆْﻣِﻦُ ﻣَﺎ ﻋِﻨْﺪَ ﺍﻟﻠﻪِ ﻣِﻦَ ﺍﻟْﻌُﻘُﻮﺑَﺔِ ﻣَﺎ ﻃَﻤِﻊَ ﻓِﻲ ﺟَﻨَّﺘِﻪِ ﺃَﺣَﺪٌ، ﻭَﻟَﻮْ ﻳَﻌْﻠَﻢُ ﺍﻟْﻜَﺎﻓِﺮُ ﻣَﺎ ﻋِﻨْﺪَ ﺍﻟﻠﻪِ ﻣِﻦَ ﺍﻟﺮَّﺣْﻤَﺔِ ﻣَﺎ ﻗَﻨَﻂَ ﻣِﻦْ ﺭَﺣْﻤَﺘِﻪِ ﺃَﺣَﺪٌ » (If the believer knew what punishment Allah has, none
would have hope in acquiring His Paradise, and if the
disbeliever knew what mercy Allah has, none will lose
hope of earning His earning.)