The following are some statements from the salaf regarding Al-Taqwa...
1) A man once asked Abu Hurayrah (radhiAllaahu anhu), ‘What is al-taqwa?” He replied, “Have you ever taken a path filled with thorns?” The man replied, “I have.” Abu Hurayrah asked him, “What did you do?” He replied, “When I saw a thorn I would dodge it or pass over it or behind it.” Abu Hurayrah said, “That is al-taqwa.”
[Al-Baihaqi, Al-Zuhd Al-Kabir p351]
2) The taabi’ee Talq bin Habeeb (radhiAllaahu anhu) said: “If an ordeal appears amongst you extinguish it with taqwa.”
When asked what is taqwa, he replied:
“Taqwa is that you act in obedience to Allaah, and hope in His mercy, upon a light from Him; and taqwa is leaving acts of disobedience to Allaah out of fear of Him, upon a light from Him.”
[Related by Ibn Abee Shaybah in Kitaabul-Eemaan (No. 99) and it was declared saheeh by Shaykh al-Albaanee]
3) Ibn Rajab, rahimahullaah, said: “The essence of taqwa is to make a shield (which guards) against Allaah’s anger and punishment. That shield is to obey His commandments and abstain from His prohibitions”
[Jaami’ul-‘Uloom wal Hikaam: 190/191]
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